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Contact Lenses


Contact lenses are used mostly for correction of refractive errors, for which they provide better optical correction than glasses, as well as for management of diseases of the cornea, conjunctiva, or lids. Colored lenses are being used increasingly for cosmesis.
The major risk from contact lens wear is bacterial, amebic, or fungal corneal infection, potentially a blinding condition. Such infections occur more commonly with soft lenses, particularly extended wear, for which there is least a fivefold increase in risk of corneal ulceration compared with daily wear, and with certain contact lens solutions. Contact lens wearers should be made aware of the risks they face and ways to minimize them, such as avoiding overnight wear and maintaining meticulous lens hygiene, including not using tap water or saliva for lens cleaning. Contact lenses should be removed whenever there is ocular discomfort or redness.Ophthalmologic care should be sought if symptoms persist.
When to Refer
Any contact lens wearer with an acute painful red eye must be referred emergently to an ophthalmologist.
Edwards K et al. Characteristics of and risk factors for contact lens-related microbial keratitis in a tertiary referral hospital. Eye (Lond). 2009 Jan; 23(1): 153-60, [PMID: 17704759] jeng BH et al. Epidemiology of ulcerative keratitis in Northern California. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 Aug: 128(8): 1022-8[PMID: 20697003]
Keay L et al. Signs, symptoms, and comorbidities in contact lens- related microbial keratitis, Optom Vis Sci. 2009 Jul; 86(7): 803-9 [PMID: 19543137] Lee SY et al. Contact lens complications in an urgent-care population: the University of California, Los Angeles, contact lens study. Eye Contact Lens .

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